651 lines
17 KiB
Markdown
651 lines
17 KiB
Markdown
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# Vuls: VULnerability Scanner
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[](http://goo.gl/forms/xm5KFo35tu)
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Vulnerability scanner for Linux, agentless, written in golang.
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We have a slack team. [Join slack team](http://goo.gl/forms/xm5KFo35tu)
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[README in Japanese](https://github.com/future-architect/vuls/blob/master/README.ja.md)
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[README in French](https://github.com/future-architect/vuls/blob/master/README.fr.md)
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[](https://asciinema.org/a/3y9zrf950agiko7klg8abvyck)
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----
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# Abstract
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For a system administrator, having to perform security vulnerability analysis and software update on a daily basis can be a burden.
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To avoid downtime in production environment, it is common for system administrator to choose not to use the automatic update option provided by package manager and to perform update manually.
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This leads to the following problems.
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- System administrator will have to constantly watch out for any new vulnerabilities in NVD(National Vulnerability Database) and etc.
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- It might be impossible for the system administrator to monitor all the software if there are a large number of software installed in server.
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- It is expensive to perform analysis to determine the servers affected by new vulnerabilities. The possibility of overlooking a server or two during analysis is there.
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Vuls is a tool created to solve the problems listed above. It has the following characteristics.
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- Informs users of the vulnerabilities that are related to the system.
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- Informs users of the servers that are affected.
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- Vulnerability detection is done automatically to prevent any oversight.
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- Report is generated on regular basis using CRON etc. to manage vulnerability.
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----
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# Main Features
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- Scan for any vulnerabilities in Linux Server
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- Supports Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS, Amazon Linux, RHEL
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- Cloud, on-premise, Docker
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- Scan middleware that are not included in OS package management
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- Scan middleware, programming language libraries and framework for vulnerability
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- Support software registered in CPE
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- Agentless architecture
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- User is required to only setup one machine that is connected to other target servers via SSH
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- Auto generation of configuration file template
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- Auto detection of servers set using CIDR, generate configuration file template
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- Email and Slack notification is possible (supports Japanese language)
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- Scan result is viewable on accessory software, TUI Viewer terminal.
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----
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# What Vuls Doesn't Do
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- Vuls doesn't update the vulnerable packages.
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----
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# Hello Vuls
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This tutorial will let you scan the vulnerabilities on the localhost with vuls.
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This can be done in the following steps.
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1. Launch Amazon Linux
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1. Enable to ssh from localhost
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1. Install requirements
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1. Deploy go-cve-dictionary
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1. Deploy Vuls
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1. Configuration
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1. Prepare
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1. Scan
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1. TUI(Terminal-Based User Interface)
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## Step1. Launch Amazon Linux
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- We are using the old AMI (amzn-ami-hvm-2015.09.1.x86_64-gp2 - ami-383c1956) for this example
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- Add the following to the cloud-init, to avoid auto-update at the first launch.
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```
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#cloud-config
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repo_upgrade: none
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```
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- [Q: How do I disable the automatic installation of critical and important security updates on initial launch?](https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-ami/faqs/?nc1=h_ls)
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## Step2. SSH setting
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This is required to ssh to itself.
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Create a keypair then append public key to authorized_keys
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```bash
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$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
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$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
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$ chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
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```
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## Step3. Install requirements
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Vuls requires the following packages.
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- sqlite
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- git
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- gcc
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- go v1.6
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- https://golang.org/doc/install
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```bash
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$ ssh ec2-user@52.100.100.100 -i ~/.ssh/private.pem
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$ sudo yum -y install sqlite git gcc
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$ wget https://storage.googleapis.com/golang/go1.6.linux-amd64.tar.gz
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$ sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.6.linux-amd64.tar.gz
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$ mkdir $HOME/go
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```
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Add these lines into /etc/profile.d/goenv.sh
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```bash
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export GOROOT=/usr/local/go
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export GOPATH=$HOME/go
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export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin:$GOPATH/bin
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```
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Set the OS environment variable to current shell
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```bash
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$ source /etc/profile.d/goenv.sh
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```
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## Step4. Deploy [go-cve-dictionary](https://github.com/kotakanbe/go-cve-dictionary)
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go get
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```bash
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$ sudo mkdir /var/log/vuls
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$ sudo chown ec2-user /var/log/vuls
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$ sudo chmod 700 /var/log/vuls
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$ go get github.com/kotakanbe/go-cve-dictionary
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```
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Fetch vulnerability data from NVD.
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It takes about 10 minutes (on AWS).
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```bash
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$ for i in {2002..2016}; do go-cve-dictionary fetchnvd -years $i; done
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... snip ...
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$ ls -alh cve.sqlite3
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-rw-r--r-- 1 ec2-user ec2-user 7.0M Mar 24 13:20 cve.sqlite3
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```
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Now we successfully collected vulnerbility data, then start as server.
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```bash
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$ go-cve-dictionary server
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[Mar 24 15:21:55] INFO Opening DB. datafile: /home/ec2-user/cve.sqlite3
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[Mar 24 15:21:55] INFO Migrating DB
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[Mar 24 15:21:56] INFO Starting HTTP Sever...
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[Mar 24 15:21:56] INFO Listening on 127.0.0.1:1323
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```
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## Step5. Deploy vuls
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Launch a new terminal, SSH to the ec2 instance.
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go get
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```
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$ go get github.com/future-architect/vuls
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```
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## Step6. Config
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Create a config file(TOML format).
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```
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$ cat config.toml
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[servers]
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[servers.172-31-4-82]
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host = "172.31.4.82"
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port = "22"
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user = "ec2-user"
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keyPath = "/home/ec2-user/.ssh/id_rsa"
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```
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## Step7. Setting up target servers for vuls
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```
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$ vuls prepare
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```
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## Step8. Start Scanning
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```
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$ vuls scan
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INFO[0000] Begin scanning (config: /home/ec2-user/config.toml)
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... snip ...
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172-31-4-82 (amazon 2015.09)
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============================
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CVE-2016-0494 10.0 Unspecified vulnerability in the Java SE and Java SE Embedded components in Oracle
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Java SE 6u105, 7u91, and 8u66 and Java SE Embedded 8u65 allows remote attackers to
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affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to
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2D.
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... snip ...
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CVE-2016-0494
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-------------
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Score 10.0 (High)
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Vector (AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C)
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Summary Unspecified vulnerability in the Java SE and Java SE Embedded components in Oracle Java SE 6u105,
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7u91, and 8u66 and Java SE Embedded 8u65 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality,
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integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to 2D.
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NVD https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0494
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MITRE https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2016-0494
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CVE Details http://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2016-0494
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CVSS Claculator https://nvd.nist.gov/cvss/v2-calculator?name=CVE-2016-0494&vector=(AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C)
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RHEL-CVE https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2016-0494
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ALAS-2016-643 https://alas.aws.amazon.com/ALAS-2016-643.html
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Package/CPE java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.91-2.6.2.2.63.amzn1 -> java-1.7.0-openjdk-1:1.7.0.95-2.6.4.0.65.amzn1
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```
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## Step9. TUI
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Vuls has Terminal-Based User Interface to display the scan result.
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```
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$ vuls tui
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```
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----
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# Architecture
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## go-cve-dictinary
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- Fetch vulnerability information from NVD, JVN(Japanese), then insert into SQLite.
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## Vuls
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- Scan vulnerabilities on the servers and create a list of the CVE ID
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- For more detailed information of the detected CVE, send HTTP request to go-cve-dictinary
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- Send a report by Slack, Email
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- System operator can view the latest report by terminal
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----
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# Use Cases
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## Scan all servers
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## Scan a single server
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web/app server in the same configuration under the load balancer
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----
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# Support OS
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| Distribution| Release |
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|:------------|-------------------:|
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| Ubuntu | 12, 14, 16|
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| Debian | 7, 8|
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| RHEL | 4, 5, 6, 7|
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| CentOS | 5, 6, 7|
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| Amazon Linux| All |
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----
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# Usage: Automatic Server Discovery
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Discovery subcommand discovers active servers specified in CIDR range, then print the template of config file(TOML format) to terminal.
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```
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$ vuls discover -help
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discover:
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discover 192.168.0.0/24
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```
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## Example
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```
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$ vuls discover 172.31.4.0/24
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# Create config.toml using below and then ./vuls --config=/path/to/config.toml
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[slack]
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hookURL = "https://hooks.slack.com/services/abc123/defghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
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channel = "#channel-name"
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#channel = "#{servername}"
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iconEmoji = ":ghost:"
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authUser = "username"
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notifyUsers = ["@username"]
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[mail]
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smtpAddr = "smtp.gmail.com"
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smtpPort = 465
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user = "username"
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password = "password"
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from = "from@address.com"
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to = ["to@address.com"]
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cc = ["cc@address.com"]
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subjectPrefix = "[vuls]"
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[default]
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#port = "22"
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#user = "username"
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#password = "password"
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#keyPath = "/home/username/.ssh/id_rsa"
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#keyPassword = "password"
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[servers]
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[servers.172-31-4-82]
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host = "172.31.4.82"
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#port = "22"
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#user = "root"
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#password = "password"
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#keyPath = "/home/username/.ssh/id_rsa"
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#keyPassword = "password"
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#cpeNames = [
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# "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:4.2.1",
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#]
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```
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You can customize your configuration using this template.
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----
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# Configuration
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- Slack section
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```
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[slack]
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hookURL = "https://hooks.slack.com/services/abc123/defghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
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channel = "#channel-name"
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#channel = "#{servername}"
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iconEmoji = ":ghost:"
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authUser = "username"
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notifyUsers = ["@username"]
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```
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- hookURL : Incomming webhook's URL
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- channel : channel name.
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If you set #{servername} to channel, the report will be sent to #servername channel.
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In the following example, the report will be sent to the #server1 and #server2.
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Be sure to create these channels before scanning.
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```
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[slack]
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channel = "#{servername}"
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...snip...
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[servers]
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[servers.server1]
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host = "172.31.4.82"
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...snip...
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[servers.server2]
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host = "172.31.4.83"
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...snip...
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```
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- iconEmoji: emoji
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- authUser: username of the slack team
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- notifyUsers: a list of Slack usernames to send Slack notifications.
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If you set ["@foo", "@bar"] to notifyUsers, @foo @bar will be included in text.
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So @foo, @bar can receive mobile push notifications on their smartphone.
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- Mail section
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```
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[mail]
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smtpAddr = "smtp.gmail.com"
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smtpPort = 465
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user = "username"
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password = "password"
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from = "from@address.com"
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to = ["to@address.com"]
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cc = ["cc@address.com"]
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subjectPrefix = "[vuls]"
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```
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- Default section
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```
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[default]
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#port = "22"
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#user = "username"
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#password = "password"
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#keyPath = "/home/username/.ssh/id_rsa"
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#keyPassword = "password"
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```
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Items of the default section will be used if not specified.
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- servers section
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```
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[servers]
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[servers.172-31-4-82]
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host = "172.31.4.82"
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#port = "22"
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#user = "root"
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#password = "password"
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#keyPath = "/home/username/.ssh/id_rsa"
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#keyPassword = "password"
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#cpeNames = [
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# "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:4.2.1",
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#]
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```
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You can overwrite the default value specified in default section.
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Vuls supports multiple SSH authentication methods.
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- SSH agent
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- SSH public key authentication (with password, empty password)
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- Password authentication
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----
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# Usage: Prepare
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Prepare subcommand installs required packages on each server.
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| Distribution| Release | Requirements |
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|:------------|-------------------:|:-------------|
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| Ubuntu | 12, 14, 16| - |
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| Debian | 7, 8| aptitude |
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| CentOS | 5| yum-plugin-security, yum-changelog |
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| CentOS | 6, 7| yum-plugin-security, yum-plugin-changelog |
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| Amazon | All | - |
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| RHEL | 4, 5, 6, 7 | - |
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```
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$ vuls prepare -help
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prepare:
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prepare [-config=/path/to/config.toml] [-debug]
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-config string
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/path/to/toml (default "$PWD/config.toml")
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-debug
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debug mode
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-use-unattended-upgrades
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[Deprecated] For Ubuntu, install unattended-upgrades
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```
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----
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# Usage: Scan
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```
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$ vuls scan -help
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scan:
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scan
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[-lang=en|ja]
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[-config=/path/to/config.toml]
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[-dbpath=/path/to/vuls.sqlite3]
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[-cve-dictionary-url=http://127.0.0.1:1323]
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[-cvss-over=7]
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[-report-slack]
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[-report-mail]
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[-http-proxy=http://192.168.0.1:8080]
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[-debug]
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[-debug-sql]
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-config string
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/path/to/toml (default "$PWD/config.toml")
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-cve-dictionary-url string
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http://CVE.Dictionary (default "http://127.0.0.1:1323")
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-cvss-over float
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-cvss-over=6.5 means reporting CVSS Score 6.5 and over (default: 0 (means report all))
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-dbpath string
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/path/to/sqlite3 (default "$PWD/vuls.sqlite3")
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-debug
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debug mode
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-debug-sql
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SQL debug mode
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-http-proxy string
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http://proxy-url:port (default: empty)
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-lang string
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[en|ja] (default "en")
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-report-mail
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Email report
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-report-slack
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Slack report
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-use-unattended-upgrades
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[Deprecated] For Ubuntu. Scan by unattended-upgrades or not (use apt-get upgrade --dry-run by default)
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-use-yum-plugin-security
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[Deprecated] For CentOS 5. Scan by yum-plugin-security or not (use yum check-update by default)
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```
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## example
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Run go-cve-dictionary as server mode before scanning.
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```
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$ go-cve-dictionary server
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```
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### Scan all servers defined in config file
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```
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$ vuls scan --report-slack --report-mail --cvss-over=7
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```
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With this sample command, it will ..
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- Scan all servers defined in config file
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- Send scan results to slack and email
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- Only Report CVEs that CVSS score is over 7
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- Print scan result to terminal
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### Scan specific servers
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```
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$ vuls scan server1 server2
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```
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With this sample command, it will ..
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- Scan only 2 servers. (server1, server2)
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- Print scan result to terminal
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----
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# Usage: Scan vulnerability of non-OS package
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It is possible to detect vulnerabilities something you compiled by yourself, the language libraries and the frameworks that have been registered in the [CPE](https://nvd.nist.gov/cpe.cfm).
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- How to search CPE name by software name
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- [NVD: Search Common Platform Enumerations (CPE)](https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/cpe/search)
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**Check CPE Naming Format: 2.2**
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- Configuration
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To detect the vulnerbility of Ruby on Rails v4.2.1, cpeNames needs to be set in the servers section.
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```
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[servers]
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[servers.172-31-4-82]
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host = "172.31.4.82"
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user = "ec2-user"
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keyPath = "/home/username/.ssh/id_rsa"
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cpeNames = [
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"cpe:/a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:4.2.1",
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]
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```
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# Usage: Update NVD Data.
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```
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$ go-cve-dictionary fetchnvd -h
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|
fetchnvd:
|
|
fetchnvd
|
|
[-last2y]
|
|
[-dbpath=/path/to/cve.sqlite3]
|
|
[-debug]
|
|
[-debug-sql]
|
|
|
|
-dbpath string
|
|
/path/to/sqlite3 (default "$PWD/cve.sqlite3")
|
|
-debug
|
|
debug mode
|
|
-debug-sql
|
|
SQL debug mode
|
|
-last2y
|
|
Refresh NVD data in the last two years.
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
- Fetch data of the entire period
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
$ go-cve-dictionary fetchnvd -entire
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
- Fetch data in the last 2 years
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
$ go-cve-dictionary fetchnvd -last2y
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
# Misc
|
|
|
|
- HTTP Proxy Support
|
|
If your system is behind HTTP proxy, you have to specify --http-proxy option.
|
|
|
|
- How to Daemonize go-cve-dictionary
|
|
Use Systemd, Upstart or supervisord, daemontools...
|
|
|
|
- How to Enable Automatic-Update of Vunerability Data.
|
|
Use job scheduler like Cron (with -last2y option).
|
|
|
|
- How to cross compile
|
|
```bash
|
|
$ cd /path/to/your/local-git-reporsitory/vuls
|
|
$ GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o vuls.amd64
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
- Logging
|
|
Log wrote to under /var/log/vuls/
|
|
|
|
- Debug
|
|
Run with --debug, --sql-debug option.
|
|
|
|
- Ajusting Open File Limit
|
|
[Riak docs](http://docs.basho.com/riak/latest/ops/tuning/open-files-limit/) is awesome.
|
|
|
|
- Does Vuls accept ssh connections with fish-shell or old zsh as the login shell?
|
|
No, Vuls needs a user on the server for bash login. see also [#8](/../../issues/8)
|
|
|
|
- Windows
|
|
Use Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer. [MBSA](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/security/cc184924.aspx)
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
# Data Source
|
|
|
|
- [NVD](https://nvd.nist.gov/)
|
|
- [JVN(Japanese)](http://jvndb.jvn.jp/apis/myjvn/)
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Authors
|
|
|
|
kotakanbe ([@kotakanbe](https://twitter.com/kotakanbe)) created vuls and [these fine people](https://github.com/future-architect/vuls/graphs/contributors) have contributed.
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
# Contribute
|
|
|
|
1. Fork it
|
|
2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
|
|
3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Add some feature'`)
|
|
4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
|
|
5. Create new Pull Request
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
# Change Log
|
|
|
|
Please see [CHANGELOG](https://github.com/future-architect/vuls/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md).
|
|
|
|
----
|
|
|
|
# Licence
|
|
|
|
Please see [LICENSE](https://github.com/future-architect/vuls/blob/master/LICENSE).
|
|
|
|
|
|
[](https://bitdeli.com/free "Bitdeli Badge")
|
|
|